{"id":1110,"date":"2014-02-05T12:57:31","date_gmt":"2014-02-05T12:57:31","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.123fakta.com\/da\/?p=1110"},"modified":"2026-03-19T10:38:46","modified_gmt":"2026-03-19T10:38:46","slug":"fakta-om-colombia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.123fakta.com\/nb\/facts-about-colombia","title":{"rendered":"Fakta om Colombia"},"content":{"rendered":"

1. Geografisk unik:<\/strong>\u00a0Colombia er det eneste landet i S\u00f8r-Amerika som har b\u00e5de Stillehavs- og Atlanterhavskyst. I tillegg er det ogs\u00e5 det eneste s\u00f8ramerikanske landet med forbindelse til Nord-Amerika (via Panama).<\/p>\n

2. \u00d8st og vest:<\/strong>\u00a0Andesfjellene skiller de befolkede, lavtliggende kystomr\u00e5dene i vest fra den nesten ubebodde jungelen i \u00f8st. Jungelen dekker 54% av Colombias landareal, men huser bare rundt 3% av befolkningen.<\/p>\n

3. Blandet publikum:<\/strong>\u00a0Colombianerne er en blandingsrase; rundt 20% nedstammer fra europeere, mens bare rundt 1% er indianere (som lever i jungelen i \u00f8st). Den st\u00f8rste gruppen er \"mestits\" (58%), en blanding av hvite og indianere. I tillegg finnes det ogs\u00e5 svarte (4%) og mulatter (14%), samt blandinger av svarte og indianere (3%).<\/p>\n

4. Isolasjon:<\/strong>\u00a0Colombias befolkning bor stort sett i separate klynger, mye p\u00e5 grunn av Andesfjellene som deler landet i ulike omr\u00e5der. Noen bor i lavlandet ved kysten, andre i isolerte fjelldaler, og hovedstaden Bogot\u00e1 ligger i et \u00f8de fjellbasseng p\u00e5 2640 meter over havet.<\/p>\n

5. Mange naturressurser:<\/strong>\u00a0Colombias rike naturressurser er en viktig faktor i landets \u00f8konomi. Colombia st\u00e5r for en stor del av verdens smaragdproduksjon, men ogs\u00e5 gull, s\u00f8lv og platina produseres i betydelige mengder. Kullproduksjonen er ogs\u00e5 den st\u00f8rste p\u00e5 det s\u00f8ramerikanske kontinentet. I tillegg er landet verdenskjent for sin kaffeproduksjon. Olje finnes ogs\u00e5, men produksjonen saboteres av geriljagrupper, noe som hindrer utvikling og fremgang p\u00e5 dette omr\u00e5det.<\/p>\n

\"Fakta:
Kildeangivelse: mckaysavage + szeke + cliff1066\u2122 - Flickr.com<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Fakta: Colombia er rikt p\u00e5 naturressurser. \u00d8verst: en kaffeplantasje, i midten: en saltgruve og nederst: en smaragd.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

6. Tidlig historie:<\/strong>\u00a0De eldste arkeologiske funnene i Colombia stammer fra 20 000 f.Kr. Rundt 10 000 f.Kr. var dagens Colombia bebodd av urfolk som levde i jeger- og sankersamfunn. I det f\u00f8rste \u00e5rtusenet f.Kr. begynte enkelte befolkningsgrupper \u00e5 utvikle et politisk system (Cacicazgo) der makten var fordelt i en slags pyramidestruktur.<\/p>\n

7. Kolonisering:<\/strong>\u00a0Tidlig p\u00e5 1500-tallet ankom spanske kolonister Peru. Her begynte ogs\u00e5 utforskningen og koloniseringen av landet. Urbefolkningen (indianerne) ble kraftig redusert p\u00e5 grunn av den voldsomme koloniseringen, men ogs\u00e5 p\u00e5 grunn av fremmede sykdommer som vannkopper. P\u00e5 1600-tallet begynte kolonistene \u00e5 bringe slaver fra Afrika til Colombia.<\/p>\n

8. Uavhengighet:<\/strong>\u00a0Helt fra begynnelsen av den spanske koloniseringen var det flere oppr\u00f8r for uavhengighet - de var s\u00e5 sm\u00e5 at de var ubetydelige, og de st\u00f8rre ble alle sl\u00e5tt ned. Fra 1810 begynte imidlertid makten \u00e5 skifte hender, og i 1819 ble Colombia endelig uavhengig av spanjolene under den venezuelanskf\u00f8dte Sim\u00f3n Bolivar.<\/p>\n

9. Borgerkriger:<\/strong>\u00a0P\u00e5 1800- og 1900-tallet var det tre borgerkriger i Colombia: Den colombianske borgerkrigen i 1860-1862, Tusendagerskrigen i 1899-1902 og La Violencia i 1948-1958. Til sammen kostet krigene minst 300 000 menneskeliv (henholdsvis 4 000, 100 000 og 150 000 - 300 000).<\/p>\n

10. Narkotika:<\/strong>\u00a0Siden begynnelsen av 1980-tallet har den colombianske regjeringen i samarbeid med USA fors\u00f8kt \u00e5 bekjempe den omfattende narkotikasmuglingen fra landet (blant annet p\u00e5 grunn av den unike forbindelsen til Nord-Amerika via Panama). Narkotikakartellene har imidlertid svart med voldsb\u00f8lger mot dommere, avisredakt\u00f8rer, folkevalgte osv. Til tross for flere arrestasjoner av mektige ledere i narkotikakartellene, er de fortsatt en uregjerlig maktfaktor i Colombia.<\/p>\n

\"Fakta:
Kildeangivelse: Pedro Szekely + Edgar Jim\u00e9nez - Wikipedia.org<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

I Colombia har du tilgang til Stillehavet, Atlanterhavet og Andesfjellene, samt elvene og regnskogen i Amazonas.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

1. Geografisk unikt: Colombia er det eneste landet i S\u00f8r-Amerika som har kystlinje b\u00e5de mot Stillehavet og Atlanterhavet. I tillegg er det ogs\u00e5 det eneste s\u00f8ramerikanske landet som er forbundet med Nord-Amerika (via Panama). 2. \u00d8st og vest: Andesfjellene skiller de befolkede, lavtliggende kystomr\u00e5dene i vest med de nesten ubebodde jungelomr\u00e5dene i ... Les mer<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7748,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"cybocfi_hide_featured_image":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[65,80],"tags":[120],"class_list":["post-1110","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-countries-geography","category-south-america","tag-adsense"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nFacts about Colombia - Climate, geography, history, etc.<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Fact: Colombia is the only country in South America with access to 2 oceans - and another continent! 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